Abstract
BackgroundOro-facial clefts (OFCs) are formed due to a combination of genetic factors and environmental factors. Treatment is usually extensive and lasts till adult age. The treatment also includes a large portion of dental rehabilitation.ObjectiveThis study aims to look at the different dental anomalies associated with OFCs.MethodsA total of 100 participants with OFCs were randomly selected from Clap centre Lahore. They were categorized into cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), and both. Dental anomalies were recorded clinically and family history for OFCs was also recorded.ResultsOut of the 100 participants, 15 had CL only, 37 had a CP, and 48 had both CL and CP. Missing teeth and hypodontia were significantly associated with all OFCs (p-value > 0.05). Supernumerary teeth were only significantly associated with CP (p-value: 0.04). Other dental anomalies were not significant for OFCs.ConclusionOFCs in all its three forms are associated with dental irregularities. They can either be missing teeth or extra teeth. There is a strong need for dentists to be a part of the treatment planning of OFCs and to treat dental anomalies alongside the clefts.
Highlights
Craniofacial growth and maturity is a complex process during prenatal embryonic development
Missing teeth and hypodontia were significantly associated with all Oro-facial clefts (OFCs) (p-value > 0.05)
Supernumerary teeth were only significantly associated with both cleft lip and palate (CLP)
Summary
Craniofacial growth and maturity is a complex process during prenatal embryonic development. Minor irregularities during embryonic development can result in major congenital malformations of oro-facial region such as cleft lip and palate [1]. Oro-facial clefts (OFCs) are structural defects of the face and oral cavity which are responsible for severe aesthetic malformations and abnormal functioning of oral cavity [2]. OFCs may present as a combination of these clefts such as cleft lip and palate (CLP). Epidemiological surveys have demonstrated that OFCs are the most common anomaly among birth defects in children [3]. Oro-facial clefts (OFCs) are formed due to a combination of genetic factors and environmental factors. Treatment is usually extensive and lasts till adult age. The treatment includes a large portion of dental rehabilitation
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