Frequency of Diastasis Recti in Second and Third Trimesters of Pregnancy in Jinnah Hospital Lahore. A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Diastasis Recti (DR) is a condition characterized by the separation of the rectus abdominis muscles, commonly occurring among pregnant women. Despite its prevalence, awareness of DR and its implications remains low. This study aims to investigate the frequency of DR in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and to identify any associated risk factors. Objective: To determine the prevalence of DR among pregnant women in their second and third trimesters and to assess the level of awareness about the condition. Additionally, the study seeks to explore the relationship between DR and potential risk factors such as the number of pregnancies, Body Mass Index (BMI), and engagement in abdominal muscle exercises. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinnah Hospital Lahore, involving 64 pregnant women in their second and third trimesters. Participants were selected through non-probability convenience sampling. DR was assessed using the Finger width method, alongside a questionnaire to gather demographic information and assess awareness levels. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, focusing on descriptive statistics to summarize demographic data, and chi-square tests to explore associations between DR and identified risk factors. Results: Among the 64 participants, DR was present in 45.3% (29/64) of the sample, with a higher prevalence observed in the third trimester. The majority of participants (90.6%) reported never performing abdominal muscle exercises. A systematic review indicated that antenatal exercises could reduce DR cases by approximately 35%. However, awareness of DR among participants was notably lacking, with none having prior knowledge of the condition. Additionally, there was no significant association between DR and BMI, or the frequency of abdominal exercises. Conclusion: DR is a prevalent condition among pregnant women, particularly in their third trimester, with a significant lack of awareness observed. While the number of pregnancies appears to be a contributing factor, other explored risk factors such as BMI and engagement in abdominal exercises did not show a significant association with DR. These findings highlight the need for increased educational efforts and further research to better understand and manage DR during pregnancy.