Abstract
BackgroundThe prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA 1) in canine population is approximately 40–60%. Often data are limited to a small number of breeds and/or dogs. The aims of this study were to evaluate frequency of DEA 1 in a large population of purebred and mongrel dogs including Italian native breeds and to recognize a possible association between DEA 1 and breed, sex, and genetic and phenotypical/functional classifications of breeds. Frequencies of DEA 1 blood group collected from screened/enrolled blood donors and from healthy and sick dogs were retrospectively evaluated. The breed and the sex were recorded when available. DEA 1 blood typing was assessed by immunocromatographic test on K3EDTA blood samples. The prevalence of DEA 1 antigen was statistically related to breed, gender, Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) and genotypic grouping.ResultsSixty-two per cent dogs resulted DEA 1+ and 38% DEA 1-. DEA 1- was statistically associated with Dogo Argentino, Dobermann, German Shepherd, Boxer, Corso dogs, the molossian dogs, the FCI group 1, 2 and 3 and the genetic groups “working dogs” and “mastiff”. DEA 1+ was statistically associated with Rottweiler, Briquet Griffon Vendéen, Bernese mountain dog, Golden Retriever, the hunting breeds, the FCI group 4, 6, 7 and 8 and the genetic groups “scent hounds” and “retrievers”. No gender association was observed.ConclusionsData obtained by this work may be clinically useful to drive blood donor enrollment and selection among different breeds.
Highlights
The prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA 1) in canine population is approximately 40–60%
It includes data collected from January 2013 to December 2015 and obtained from dogs screened and/or enrolled as blood donors and from healthy or sick dogs evaluated during clinical activity
Dog erythrocytes antigen (DEA) 1- blood group was observed in all the Dogo Argentino and in mostly Dobermann, German Shepherd, Boxer and Corso dogs
Summary
The prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA 1) in canine population is approximately 40–60%. Frequencies of DEA 1 blood group collected from screened/enrolled blood donors and from healthy and sick dogs were retrospectively evaluated. Canine blood groups have received international standardization and were classified using the acronym DEA (dog erythrocyte antigen) followed by a number [2,3,4,5]. The canine blood typing for the red blood cell antigens, other than DEA 1, can be done only by a laboratory. For in-house canine blood group DEA 1 determination, commercial point-of-care typing tests i.e. typing cards and immunochromatographic strips, using murine monoclonal anti-DEA 1 antibodies, are available [7, 13,14,15]
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