Frequency of cast-related complications and influencing factors in patients with casts

Abstract

BackgroundCasting is a common procedure in the treatment of extremity fractures, but it can lead to serious complications if applied improperly. However, there are few studies on the prevalence of cast-related complications. PurposeTo assess the frequency of cast-related complications and influencing factors in patients referred to medical centers affiliated with a University of Medical Sciences. MethodsA descriptive study was conducted on 120 patients with limb fractures in need of casting. The study was conducted from November 1, 2020, to June 1, 2021. A checklist was used to assess complications, and complications were monitored by regular telephone contact. Each patient was followed up for 3 months. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. ResultsPain, impaired mobility, numbness, swelling, and a burning sensation inside the cast were the most common complications in the first week after cast application and occurred in 94.2%, 72.5%, 60.8%, 60%, and 54.2% of patients, respectively. Patients whose casts were applied by a nurse experienced more pain (p = 0.002), numbness (p = 0.02), and swelling (p = 0.05). The incidence of numbness was significantly higher in patients who were more active during convalescence (p = 0.04). ConclusionsDue to the importance of cast-related complications, in-service training programs for casting staff are needed. Furthermore, patient education and follow-up should be taken more seriously.