Abstract
Objective:To determine Blood Eosinophilia frequency in newly diagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease patients.Methods:An observational cross-sectional research on newly diagnosed COPD patients with age ≥ 40 years was performed at Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases, Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi. COPD patients diagnosed in outpatient clinic or admitted in Chest Unit during six-month period from September 2018 to May 2019 were selected. Each patient underwent spirometry, and blood was tested for eosinophilia (≥ 2% eosinophils in blood), after obtaining informed consent and clinical history.Results:One hundred and fifty COPD patients were diagnosed and evaluated for Blood Eosinophilia, out of which 86 (57.3%) and 64 (42.7%) patients were Males and Females respectively with mean age of 63.72 ± 10.24 years. Current Smokers were 48 (32.0%), Ex-Smokers 15 (10.0%), and Biomass Exposure was present in 76 (50.7%) of patients. Spirometric severity of COPD was Mild in 11 (7.3%), Moderate in 68 (45.3%), Severe in 59 (39.3%), and Very Severe in 12 (8.0%) patients. Blood Eosinophilia was present in 59 (39.3%) patients of COPD among which majority 43 (72.9%) were having Moderate 24 (40.7%) and Severe 19 (32.2%) COPD respectively.Conclusion:Frequency of Blood Eosinophilia in newly diagnosed COPD patients was high, among which most of the COPD patients were moderate to severe.
Highlights
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) defined the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) as “A common, preventable and treatable disease that is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases”
Diagnosis of COPD requires the identification of non-invasive and reliable biomarkers that helps in identification of different types of COPD phenotypes resulting in appropriate and specific treatment.8Increased blood eosinophils have been reported in COPD patients, playing vital role in COPD pathogenesis.[8,9,10]
Eosinophilia is diagnosed in COPD patients on presence of ≥ 2% eosinophils in blood
Summary
Pak J Med Sci May - June 2020 Vol 36 No 4 www.pjms.org.pk 750 developing countries.[4] Today, COPD is considered as the 4th leading cause of mortality and it will become the 3rd in 2030.5,6 It is included in incurable diseases, but its progression can be slow down with reducing exposure to risk factors, and with early diagnosis, and proper management. Diagnosis of COPD requires the identification of non-invasive and reliable biomarkers that helps in identification of different types of COPD phenotypes resulting in appropriate and specific treatment.8Increased blood eosinophils have been reported in COPD patients, playing vital role in COPD pathogenesis.[8,9,10] Eosinophilia is diagnosed in COPD patients on presence of ≥ 2% eosinophils in blood. Role of controlling blood eosinophilia in COPD management has been increased. Negewo NA, et al, reports blood eosinophilia in 15.6% COPD patients,[9] whereas Hasegawa K, et al, reports in 17% COPD patients.[14]
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