Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of beta thalassemia trait among pregnant women presenting with anemia.
 Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in Gynecology & Obstetric department, district headquarters hospital Mardan from January 2019 to June 2020. This study includes all pregnant women who presented with anemia and having age 15 to 45 years. Patients with known hemoglobinopathies were excluded from the study. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS 20.
 Results: Mean age of the patient was 27.7 years and mean hemoglobin level was 8.7g/dl. Age distributions showed mother age 15 to 25 years were 40%, 26 to 36 years were 35% and 36 to 45 years were 25%. Thalassemia trait was found in 40% anemic pregnant women. Thalassemia trait percentage was high in mother having age 15 to 25 years.
 Conclusion: Beta thalassemia trait is a common cause anemia in pregnancy. All pregnant women presenting with anemia should be investigated for it.
Highlights
Anemia has been defined as hemoglobin level of less than 11 g/dl by world health organization [1]
Hemo-dilution in pregnancy leads to physiologic anemia and thalassemia trait may worsen this situation.1-7% population in Pakistan are in the carrier state of thalassemia trait [9].Lack of screening facilities and high rate of consensual marriage in the society are the main reason behind high transmission rate of thalassemia in Pakistan [10]
We analyzed data of all pregnant women who presented with anemia, in order to determine the frequency of beta thalassemia trait and outcome of pregnancy
Summary
Anemia has been defined as hemoglobin level of less than 11 g/dl by world health organization [1]. Thalassemia trait and Iron deficiency anemia are the most common reported causes of anemia during pregnancy [4]. Thalassemia major patient presents with severe anemia and they require regular blood transfusion with chelating agents. People with thalassemia have an increased risk of infection This is especially true if the spleen has been removed. Thalassemia is often accompanied by the destruction of a large number of red blood cells and the task of removing these cells causes the spleen to enlarge. The outcome of pregnancy is largely associated with pregnant women is not being affected by thalassemia trait. We analyzed data of all pregnant women who presented with anemia, in order to determine the frequency of beta thalassemia trait and outcome of pregnancy. Female that has allergic reaction with nutritional items that contain Iron contents in huge quantity and the major risk factor is concern is giving birth to twins in single delivery
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