Abstract
BackgroundGastrointestinal cancer demands a high frequency of transfusions, and the high availability of blood products. We aimed to determine the frequency of blood transfusions and the most used blood products according to the type of gastrointestinal cancer.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in a Peruvian Type I Hemotherapy and Blood Bank Service of a Private Oncological Clinic during 2016–2018. We included patients with gastrointestinal cancer using the International Code of Diseases. The donations were made in compliance with the requirements of the Programa Nacional de Hemoterapía y Banco de Sangre and in accordance with the Standardised Operational Procedure of the clinic.ResultsWe analysed 3,022 patients, of which 163 (5.4%) had gastrointestinal cancer (67.1 ± 12 years). The 80 (49.1%) men did not show significant differences with the 83 (50.9%) women (p = 0.178). The most frequent neoplasia was the colon (41.7%) and pancreas (37.4%). Three hundred and four blood products were transfused (average 1.8 ± 2.5 units (range: 1–30 units/patient)), of which 81.3% (247 units) were red blood cells concentrated, 8.6% (26 units) were fresh-frozen-plasma (FFP) and 6.6% (20 units) were cryoprecipitate. The type of cancer that most blood products demanded was colon neoplasia (41.8%), followed by pancreatic cancer (26.3%) and liver cancer (10.9%). We determined that ~55% of patients were O Rh(D)+ and in five patients we were poly-transfused.ConclusionOur findings suggested that patients with gastrointestinal cancer require large numbers of transfusions of blood cell concentrate and FFP. Also, we showed that cancer of the colon, pancreas and liver demanded more than 75% of blood products.
Highlights
Following their anatomical location, the cancer of the gastrointestinal tract fluctuates between the fourth to the fifteenth place of the cancers worldwide for both sexes, causing a mortality age-standardised rate of between 8.4 (8.9%) and 4.1 (4%) per 100,000 inhabitants [1].Published: 14/09/2021 Received: 18/01/2021Publication costs for this article were supported by ecancer (UK Charity number 1176307).Copyright: © the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience
Our findings suggest that more than 300 blood products were transfused in 163 patients with gastrointestinal cancer, where >50% were men, with blood group O Rh (D)+, and from hospitalisation areas of the clinic
The main strength of the study is that we developed the first study on the impact of allogenic blood transfusion in Peruvian patients with gastrointestinal cancer
Summary
Haemorrhages, intestinal perforation and obstruction are three main complications of patients with gastrointestinal cancer, due to these ~25,000 deaths arise annually in the United States (US) [2,3,4,5] These complications demand a high availability of blood (blood products) for transfusion. The institutions must emphasise the storage of the most frequent blood products and know what type of neoplasia demands greater transfusions They must maintain the stock of blood products to provide quality care. We aimed to determine the frequency of blood transfusions and the most used blood products according to the type of gastrointestinal cancer
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