Abstract

The aim of the study was to assess the risk of incidence of additional congenital dental anomalies in children with nonsyndromic cleft lip, alveolar and/without palate (CL/P). Hypodontia, hyperdontia and canines impaction was recognized. From patients with CL/P treated at the Clinic of Congenital Facial Deformities in Chair and Department of Jaw Orthopedics Medical University of Lublin, 56 subjects were randomly selected. On the panoramic radiographs taken at the age of 8–12 years, the angle of upper unerupted canines was measured using Westerlund’s recommendations. The supernumerary teeth and hypodontia were checked. The procedures: maxillary expansion, secondary alveolar bone graft (SABG) and extraction of primary canines were noted. The frequency of canines impaction was 5.36%. Hypodontia was found in 37.5% of patients; hyperdontia was present in 23.21% of patients. No influence of procedures (expansion of the maxilla, SABG, deciduous canines extraction) on permanent maxillary canine eruption was proved. Patients with CL/P are exposed to the unfavorable position of unerupted maxillary canines most frequently in the cleft area of complete cleft. Maxillary lateral incisor on the cleft side is most frequently affected with congenital anomaly. Hypodontia and hyperdontia do not influence maxillary canine impaction. Good clinical result was achieved with an applied approach, which should be widely introduced.

Highlights

  • Cleft lip, alveolar and/without palate (CL/P) belong to the most frequent congenital defects, occurring in approximately 10/10,000 births [1]

  • In almost half of respondents, unerupted canines on the side of cleft had a greater angle than 30° in relation to a reference line; that is, they hadFiagnurien2c.reTayspeedorficslkefot finimthpe astcutidoyng. roup

  • Patients with cleft are exposed to an unfavorable position of unerupted maxillary canines

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Summary

Introduction

Alveolar and/without palate (CL/P) belong to the most frequent congenital defects, occurring in approximately 10/10,000 births [1]. In these patients, dental abnormalities appear more often than in a general population, such as hypodontia, hyperdontia, incorrect teeth shape, incorrect position of the unerupted tooth in the bone, and increased risk of maxillary canines impaction. Disturbed anatomy or genetic predispositions may lead to the movement of tooth germs at the time of eruption, and as a consequence, to the disturbed position of those teeth in the dental arch or to their complete impaction It can cause an additional problem for the patients who, as a part of a multi-specialist treatment plan, undergo numerous surgical and orthodontic procedures. It seems purposeful to search for factors influencing the occurrence of this abnormality or its lack

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