Frequency of Acquired Renal Cystic Disease in Patients on Long-Term Hemodialysis and Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Abstract

BackgroundAcquired cystic renal disease is one of the complications of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis. We aimed to define the prevalence of acquired cystic renal disease in a dialysis center in a tertiary care setup in Pakistan.Materials and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 246 patients with ESRD from October 1, 2017, to March 30, 2018. We collected patient demographic data, comorbidities, duration (years), frequency (sessions/week), length of each dialysis session (hours), ultrasound findings, cystic renal disease occurrence, and associated complications for analysis.ResultsOur patient population consisted of 115 women (46.7%) and 131 men (53.3%) and had a mean age of 55.9 ± 15.1 years. Thirty-seven patients were on dialysis for one year, 78 (31.7%) for two years, and 131 (53.3%) for three or more years, as its more common with increasing duration. The mean dialysis duration was 2.3 ± 0.7 years. Of 246 patients, 49 (19.9%) had acquired cystic renal disease.ConclusionsGiven improved health care facilities, an increasing number of patients have a good survival on dialysis and develop long-term complications associated with end-stage renal disease, such as acquired cystic renal disease. Because the acquired renal cystic disease is associated with renal cell carcinoma, physicians should evaluate dialysis patients for renal cell carcinoma, especially after three to five years of dialysis.