Frequency of Abruption and Associated Factors among Cases of APH

Abstract

Objective: To make a rough estimate of the frequency of abruption, its likely risk factors and its various complications, among the cases of APH in hospitalized patients. Design: Prospective descriptive study Setting: Obstetrical inpatients Department of Bakhtawar Hospital, Multan. Duration of study: 1 year (1/6/20 – 31/5/21) Subjects and Methods: Patients with objective evidence of placental abruption, were initially recruited and managed accordingly. Those cases in which abruption was a likely cause, were selected for the study purpose and other cases of APH were dropped from the study. Results: Frequency of abruption was 2.3% of all obstetrical admissions and about 32.7% (1/3 rd) of all cases of APH. The most likely risk factors identified were grand multiparity (46.1%), pregnancy induced hypertension (38.4%), advanced maternal age (43.5%) and previous history of abruption (12.8%). Majority (82%) of the patients belonged to lower socioeconomic class, with no proper antenatal care throughout pregnancy. In this class, increased obstetrical complications were due to anemia, trend of grand multiparity and too late approach to health care professional. Conclusion: The study addresses the frequency of abruption placenta, which is one of the serious obstetrical emergencies and timely aggressive management can reduce its complications. All professionals who care for women during pregnancy and child birth must be aware of it and have a clear plan in mind for its prompt diagnosis and management. Keyword: Frequency of abruption, APH, abruption placenta.