Abstract
AbstractThe use of photonic band gap (PBG) substrates with noncylindrical holes in microstrip antennas is little reported in the literature. In this article, a 3D printer was used to produce two PBG antennas in acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) substrate: one with cylindrical holes and the other with quadratic prism holes, both with the same volume in the holes and in the total composition. The proposed PBG antenna with quadratic prism holes maintains the same resonance frequency of antenna with cylindrical holes, that is, 2.64 GHz. In addition, the proposed antenna greatly reduces the project time in the simulation phase, which is very onerous in conventional PBG antennas. The PBG antennas improved the distribution of surface current and increased the gain in relation to the antenna without PBG. Thus, the obtained results were as follows: the gain and efficiency of radiation were 3.75 dB and 55% for the antenna without PBG, 4.5 dB and 60% for the antenna with cylindrical holes, and 5 dB and 62% for the antenna with quadratic holes. All antennas maintained an approximate bandwidth of 3%. These antennas were built, simulated, and measured. A schematic of the build structures, return loss, Smith's chart, radiation diagrams, and computational simulation time was analyzed throughout this article.
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