Frequency Domain Analysis and Optimal Design of Isolated Bidirectional Series Resonant Converter

Abstract

This paper presents an optimal design approach for a dual-active-bridge series resonant converter (DABSRC) based on frequency domain analysis. The proposed design technique ensures efficient performance of DABSRC over a wide range of voltage gain and load variations. The operating principle of the converter is detailed to illustrate both zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching operations during bidirectional power transfer. Modeling the current-dependent power loss components as an equivalent series resistance, the converter is analyzed in frequency domain to derive amplitude and phase of the state variables accurately. Performing the power loss analysis in a normalized form, the characteristic equations for bidirectional power transfer, tank current, converter efficiency, and ZVS criteria are derived. Using these characteristics, the design of DABSRC is formulated as an efficiency optimization problem. Particle swarm optimization technique is adopted to determine the optimal tank parameters and transformer turns-ratio. Converter performance is evaluated on a 120-W lab-prototype, and peak efficiency of 95.2% and California energy commission efficiency of 92.1% are achieved. Close agreement among analytical predictions, numerical simulation, and experimental results validate the proposed design technique.