Abstract
Nuclei characterized by negative gyromagnetic ratios (y) are quite common and easily studied by contemporary nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Some nuclei which possess negative gyromagnetic ratios are important isotopes of nitrogen, silicon, tin, and cadmium. Likewise, spin systems containing one nucleus with a positive gyromagnetic ratio coupled to another nucleus with a negative gyromagnetic ratio are commonly realized in practice. Indeed, such couplings have made possible the study of these nuclei by providing a mechanism for various methods of signal enhancement. Although the spin dynamics and allied concepts such as nuclear Overhauser effects are well documented in such coupled spin systems, a subtle feature concerning the frequency dependence of these effects is not commonly recognized. In this note, expressions valid for a simple system composed of two coupled, spinl/2 nuclei characterized by oppositely signed gyromagnetic ratios will be presented and discussed. For a spin system composed of two spinl/2 nuclei of oppositely signed gyromagnetic ratios, the following zerotb order Hamiltonian and matching energy level diagram pertains:
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