Abstract
This paper focuses on the frequency coded chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) wherein the tag’s information bits are physically encoded by the resonators’ notch position which has an effect on the frequency spectrum of the backscattered or retransmitted signal of the tag. In this regard, the notch analytical model is developed to consider the notch position and quality factor. Besides, the radar cross section (RCS) mathematical representation of the tag is introduced to consider the incident wave’s polarization and orientation angles. Hence, the influences of the incident wave’s orientation and polarization mismatches on the detection performance are quantified. After that, the tag measurement errors and limitations are comprehensively explained. Therefore, approaches to measureing RCS- and retransmission-based tags are introduced. Furthermore, the maximum reading range is theoretically calculated and practically verified considering the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Ultra Wideband (UWB) regulations. In all simulations and experiments conducted, a mono-static configuration is considered, in which one antenna is utilized for transmission and reception.
Highlights
Chipless Radio Frequency Identification has achieved a great importance in the research communities due to the tremendous possible applications [1,2,3]
The chipped and chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies are identified using far field radio waves which operate at different frequency ranges, from low frequency (LF) to ultra-wide band (UWB) [7]
Near field communication (NFC) devices must be in close proximity to each other, usually not more than a few centimetres (
Summary
Chipless Radio Frequency Identification has achieved a great importance in the research communities due to the tremendous possible applications [1,2,3]. Time-coded tags have more detection robustness, frequency-coded (FC). The chipped and chipless RFID technologies are identified using far field radio waves which operate at different frequency ranges, from low frequency (LF) to ultra-wide band (UWB) [7]. The work introduced in this paper is focused on the FC chipless tags. A retransmission tag contains two orthogonally-polarized antennas that are connected through a multi-stop band filter which realizes the tag-ID. Of the state-of-the-art, several tag designs are available for both categories. They are orientation dependent, and most of them are polarization sensitive.
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