Abstract
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life threatening acute complication of Type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study aimed to determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of pediatric DKA at diagnosis of new-onset T1DM in Khartoum during 2000-2017 period. The study was retrospective and involved review of medical files of children (<15 years) with T1DM in the city hospitals and diabetes centers. The overall frequency of DKA among T1DM children at onset of disease diagnosis was 17.6% (173/982). The episodes of DKA increased from 26% in first 6- year period (2000-2005) to 46.3% in the last 6-year period (2011-2012; p<0.001). No significant difference in the frequency of DKA was observed according to gender (p=0.9) and age (p=0.24). Compared to other age groups, the severity of DKA (pH<7.1) was higher in pre-school children (p<0.01). Approximately, 5% of patients were complicated with cerebral edema with a mortality rate of 1.7%. The DKA frequency at diagnosis of childhood T1DM in Khartoum was lower than previous reports. In addition, the severity of DKA was high among pre-school age children with a relatively high mortality rate when compared to the global rate.
Highlights
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) that can be life threat- AfricanHealth Sciences, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.African Health Sciences Vol 20 Issue 2, June, 2020 deal with DKA and its complications that could lead to a severe fatal form of the condition.[8]The high incidence rate of childhood T1DM in Sudan suggests high DKA episodes[11,13] In a previous study that was conducted in 1994 in Khartoum and included 90 DKA episodes among T1DM children, 24% of cases occurred in newly diagnosed patients.[12]
The current study examined the frequency of DKA among children with T1DM in Khartoum, Sudan over the past 18 years
High frequency of DKA among children with T1DM was reported in countries such as Egypt, Serbia, Saudi Arabia, USA, UK and others.[17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]
Summary
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) that can be life threat- AfricanHealth Sciences (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.African Health Sciences Vol 20 Issue 2, June, 2020 deal with DKA and its complications that could lead to a severe fatal form of the condition.[8]The high incidence rate of childhood T1DM in Sudan suggests high DKA episodes[11,13] In a previous study that was conducted in 1994 in Khartoum and included 90 DKA episodes among T1DM children, 24% of cases occurred in newly diagnosed patients.[12]. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) that can be life threat- African. The aim of the current study was to investigate the frequency and clinical picture of DKA at onset of the diagnosis of childhood T1DM in Khartoum city during the period from 2000 to 2017. This study aimed to determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of pediatric DKA at diagnosis of new-onset T1DM in Khartoum during 2000- 2017 period. Conclusion: The DKA frequency at diagnosis of childhood T1DM in Khartoum was lower than previous reports. The severity of DKA was high among pre-school age children with a relatively high mortality rate when compared to the global rate. Frequency and severity of ketoacidosis at diagnosis among childhood type 1 diabetes in Khartoum state, Sudan.
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