Abstract
A frequency and pattern reconfigurable 1 × 4 array is analyzed and designed, which consists of a reconfigurable feed network, twelve rectangular parasitic patches, and four octagonal patch antennas. Characteristic mode analysis is used to study the radiation characteristics of the proposed element antenna. By changing the on-off states of eighteen p-i-n diodes loaded in feed network, different combinations of initial current phase are obtained to realize the reconfiguration of five radiation states. By loading varactor diodes and parasitic patches, frequency reconfigurability is achieved. The measured result shows that the array pattern can be discretely switched in the directions of 0°, ±15°, ±25°, ±30°, and ±55°. The tunable overlapped -10 dB impedance bandwidth is 3.54-4.46 GHz for the five radiation patterns. The maximum gain reaches 7.67 dBi and the overlapped relative bandwidth of five radiation states is more than 22%.
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