Frequency and clinical features of pollen-food syndrome in children

Abstract

BackgroundPollen-food syndrome (PFS) is an allergic reaction to fresh fruits, vegetables and/or nuts that can occur in patients who are allergic to pollen. The prevalence of PFS in children is not clearly known. ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the frequency and clinical features of PFS in pediatric patients with pollen-induced allergic rhinitis (AR). MethodThis study was conducted in the pediatric allergy outpatient clinic of our hospital. Pollen-induced seasonal AR patients who were evaluated for any symptoms appearing after consuming any fresh fruits and vegetables. ResultsSix hundred and seventy-two pollen-sensitized patients were included in this study. The symptoms related to PFS were reported in 22 (3.3%) patients. The median age of the patients was 12.3 years and 59% (n=13) were female. Peach was the most common culprit (22%). There were isolated oropharyngeal symptoms in 20 (91%) patients and anaphylaxis in two (9%) patients with the suspected food. The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender, history of atopic dermatitis and allergic diseases in the family were the potential risk factors for PFS [Odds ratio 95%CI: 3.367 (1.344–8.435), 5.120 (1.935–13.550), 3.046 (1.239–7.492), respectively]. ConclusionPFS can be seen in children who are followed up for pollen-induced AR. The symptoms of PFS are usually mild and transient. However, comprehensive evaluation of patients is important since serious systemic reactions such as anaphylaxis can also be observed.