Frequencies of the disk displacements and joint effusions of temporomandibular joint disorders using 3T MRI.

Abstract

Aim The purpose of this study was to assess frequencies of the disk displacements and joint effusions of temporomandibular joint disorders using 3T MRI. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 229 TMJs. We recorded 1) pattern of disk displacement (anterior, anterolateral, anteromedial, posterior, medial and posteromedial disk displacement); 2) prevalence of the disk displacement; 3) presence/absence, of joint effusions in each disk displacement and 4) prevalence of dynamics of the disk (with or without reduction) in each disk displacement, and 5) prevalence of the disk displacement in each age group. The data were collected in 2023 and the study was conducted in 2023. Results One hundred nineteen out of 229 TMJs showed anterior disk displacement. Anteromedial and lateral disk displacement had joint effusions. In anterior disk displacement, 46 joints showed with reduction of the disk and 73 joints showed without reduction of the disk. Anterior disk displacement was more frequent in females than in males in 20’s, 50’s, 60’s, and 70’s Conclusions The disk displacements showed age and gender difference. More than 60% of joints showed reduction in anterior disk displacement. These findings may useful for age- and gender-specific treatment interventions of the TMDs.