Abstract
A proportional plus integral (PI) control method based on ant colony optimization (ACO) is proposed to regulate the number of vehicles entering freeway entrance points. First, a macroscopic traffic flow model is established. Then the basic principles of an ant colony algorithm are formulated and the steps of ACO algorithm in optimizing the PI parameters are given. In conjunction with nonlinear feedback theory, on-ramp PI controllers optimized by the ant colony algorithm are designed. Finally, the control method is simulated in MATLAB software. Simulation results show that the ACO based ramp metering controllers are of good performance. This control method can eliminate traffic jams, maintain traffic flow stability, and make vehicles travel more efficiently and safely.
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