Abstract
It is important to develop new energy storage and conversion technology to mitigate the energy crisis for the sustainable development of human society. In this study, free-standing porous nitrogen-doped carbon fiber (PN-CF) membranes were obtained from the pyrolysis of Zn–MOF-74/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite fibers, which were fabricated in situ by an electrospinning technology. The resulting free-standing fibers can be cut into membrane disks and directly used as an anode electrode without the addition of any binder or additive. The PN-CFs showed great reversible capacities of 210 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.05 A g−1 and excellent cyclic stability of 170.5 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.2 A g−1 after 600 cycles in sodium ion batteries (SIBs). The improved electrochemical performance of PN-CFs can be attributed to the rich porous structure derived by the incorporation of Zn–MOF-74 and nitrogen doping to promote sodium ion transportation.
Highlights
In recent years, sources of clean energy, such as solar and wind energy, have developed rapidly due to the energy crisis, environmental pollution, and greenhouse effect from fossil fuels (Green et al, 2017; Boretti, 2020; Ghenai et al, 2020; Gorjian et al, 2020; Huang et al, 2020; Mohammadnia et al, 2020)
In order to further confirm the presence of Zn–Metal organic frameworks (MOFs)-74 in Zn– MOF-74/PAN-NFs, the PAN in Zn–MOF-74/PAN fibers was dissolved with DMF to remove it, and the solid residue was investigated by XRD
A series of porous nitrogen-doped carbon fiber (PN-CF)-T membranes were synthesized from Zn–MOF-74/PAN fiber membranes by an electrospinning method
Summary
Sources of clean energy, such as solar and wind energy, have developed rapidly due to the energy crisis, environmental pollution, and greenhouse effect from fossil fuels (Green et al, 2017; Boretti, 2020; Ghenai et al, 2020; Gorjian et al, 2020; Huang et al, 2020; Mohammadnia et al, 2020). Graphite is the most successful carbon material in the study of lithiumion batteries, but, as mentioned above, the diameter of Na+ is large, so it is difficult to embed/detach from graphite This will affect the reversible cycle performance of SIBs and will result in low capacity. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystal metal–organic hybrid compounds composed of metal ions and organic ligands as nodes and pillars, respectively These materials have advantages, such as high specific surface area, tunable structure, and composition, and uniform pore size (Liu Q. et al, 2020; Meza-Pardo et al, 2020; Zhang H. et al, 2020). The MOF74-derived porous carbon has a high specific area, porosity, and conductivity It can produce a large amount of gas and huge pore size, which are conducive to the charging/discharging of Na+ (Gong et al, 2020). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was performed using VersaSTAT 3 with a frequency ranging from 106 to 0.1 Hz
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