Abstract

Background: Mastectomy in breast cancer patients still has significant negative psychological impact. Therefore, restoring body image is fundamental to the quality of these women’s lives and breast reconstruction has become an important tool. The nipple-areola complex (NAC) is the central focus of the breast that enhances its aesthetic appearances. NAC preservation is commonly achieved via lipodermal pedicles (nipple-sparing mastectomy) or dermo-glandular pedicle (breast reduction). However, NAC preservation may not be achievable for a variety of reasons; either oncological or technical.

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