Free and Cell Wall-Bound Polyamines under Long-Term Water Stress Applied at Different Growth Stages of ×Triticosecale Wittm.

Tomasz Hura,Michał Dziurka,Katarzyna Hura,Agnieszka Ostrowska,Kinga Dziurka,Rattan Singh Yadav

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0135002

Abstract

BackgroundLong-stemmed and semi-dwarf cultivars of triticale were exposed to water stress at tillering, heading and anthesis stage. Quantitative determination of free and cell wall-bound polyamines, i.e. agmatine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine and spermine, was supplemented with an analysis of quantitative relationships between free and cell wall-bound polyamines.ResultsThe content of free and cell wall-bound polyamines varied depending on the development stage, both under optimal and water stress conditions. Drought-induced increase in free agmatine content was observed at all developmental stages in long-stemmed cultivar. A depletion of spermidine and putrescine was also reported in this cultivar, and spermidine was less abundant in semi-dwarf cultivar exposed to drought stress at the three analyzed developmental stages. Changes in the content of the other free polyamines did not follow a steady pattern reflecting the developmental stages. On the contrary, the content of cell wall-bound polyamines gradually increased from tillering, through heading and until anthesis period.ConclusionWater stress seemed to induce a progressive decrease in the content of free polyamines and an accumulation of cell wall-bound polyamines.

Highlights

The role of polyamines in the mechanisms of plant adaptation to various adverse environmental conditions has been widely recognized [1,2,3,4,5]
High content of free PUT was found only in traditional cultivar at heading stage (Fig 1C). These results indicate variable content of polyamines at different developmental stages, which may be associated with their specific functions at individual stages of triticale growth [36]
A comparison of heading and anthesis stage performed in our study revealed an increase in cell wall-bound polyamines in relation to free

Summary

Introduction

The role of polyamines in the mechanisms of plant adaptation to various adverse environmental conditions has been widely recognized [1,2,3,4,5] Some of these studies concern water stress. Polyamines are involved in a stabilization of biologically active polyanionic compounds, such as cytoplasmic membrane phospholipides, proteins (including enzymes) or nucleic acids [13,14]. Polyamines modify their activity through interactions of positively charged amino groups and negatively charged groups of macromolecules [15]. Quantitative determination of free and cell wall-bound polyamines, i.e. agmatine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine and spermine, was supplemented with an analysis of quantitative relationships between free and cell wall-bound polyamines

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