FREE AMINO ACIDS IN VEGETATIVE ORGANS OF PICEA OBOVATA L. AND PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.

Abstract

It is shown, that change of a phenological phase of development of the tree, connected with loss of frost resistance and coming of the period of vegetation, it is accompanied by considerable changes of structure of free amino acids in meristematic tissues of buds Picea obovata L. and Pinus sylvestris L.
 In the winter at both species in comparison with spring level nonproteingeneous amino acids is doubled. During too time, Picea obovata L. And Pinus sylvestris L. show authentic specific distinctions under the total content nonproteingeneous amino acids. Thus at Pinus sylvestris L. their share as a part of free amino acids reaches 40%, that twice above, than at Picea obovata L. As a part of free amino acids at Picea obovata L. and Pinus sylvestris L. the nitrogen deposit is mainly in a glycine – 13 and 9%, arginine – 12 and 8% and ornithine – 12 and 15% accordingly. Besides it, at Pinus sylvestris L. significant role in nitrogen deposition play γ-aminobutyric acid – about 19% and valine – about 6%; at Picea obovata L. – lysine and glutamic acid – on 10%. During too time, the content proline – amino acids with which presence, as a rule, co-ordinated low temperature stability of plants, at the investigated cold-resistant coniferous species is low – 0.04–0.34%.
 In the spring at swelling of buds at both species as a part of free amino acids the share arginine and proline increases and sharply decreases – ornithine and γ-aminobutyric acids. Besides the pointed out amino acids at Picea obovata L. the content lysine twice decreases. For Pinus sylvestris L. the high content of the sum aspartic acids and asparagine – 19% in the spring is characteristic; at Picea obovata L. the content of the sum of amino acids with a short carbon chain – serine and glycine – 22% is raised.
 As reliable stressful metabolite at both species it is possible to consider ornithine, which content during the winter period in buds meristems of 3–5 times above, than in the spring in the swelling buds meristems.