Fração da carga global do diabetes mellitus atribuível ao excesso de peso e à obesidade no Brasil

Abstract

To estimate the global burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) in 2002-2003 and to calculate the fraction of diabetes attributable to excess weight and obesity for Brazil and its regions. The prevalence of excess weight and obesity according to sex and age (> 20 years) and the relative risks for the development of DM (derived from international studies) attributable to excess weight and obesity were used to calculate the global burden of DM. The prevalence of excess weight and obesity for Brazil and its regions was obtained from the Family Budget Survey (Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar). Disability-adjusted life years (DALY) were calculated for DM based on the sum of two components: years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD). Of the total DALY estimated for DM in Brazil, YLD accounted for 70%. For Brazil as a whole, 61.8% and 45.4% of DM in females was attributable to excess weight and obesity, respectively. Among males, the proportions were 52.8% and 32.7%. The largest excess weight/obesity-attributable fractions were observed in the South, Southeast, and Midwest regions and in the 35-44-year-old age groups. A large fraction of the burden of DM is attributable to preventable individual risk factors. Measures targeting prevention and control of risk factors such as excess weight and obesity must be included in the Brazilian public health agenda.