Abstract
For many Native Americans, the use of English in identity performance is problematized by a connection with dominant culture; the use of Tribal languages does not perform a broader Native American identity. This article considers several examples of the public use of Native American languages by nonfluent speakers, showing that foregrounding the metacommunicative/pragmatic function of such language use over referential function highlights a broader Native American identity shared by speaker and audience and creates a discourse space in which a subsequent English speech event is understood by audience members to come from, and be informed by, a Native identity.
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