Framework and guide for intralesional steroid injections in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis

Abstract

PurposeLiterature on how to perform intralesional steroid injections, a valuable therapy for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM), is limited. This technical note offers a detailed technical guide on intralesional steroid injections for IGM and provides a framework for long-term follow-up. MethodsUltrasound characterization of IGM severity considering breadth, depth, and ancillary findings was used to guide steroid dosing and injection frequency. Clinical and sonographic breast diagrams were designed for accurate longitudinal tracking of IGM. A step-by-step guide for ultrasound-guided IGM aspirations and intralesional steroid injections was developed. ResultsA detailed approach for ultrasound-guided IGM interventions with clinical and sonographic breast diagrams for longitudinal follow-up is now in practice. ConclusionsThe treatment approach described provides a framework for multidisciplinary treatment of IGM and offers insights that may contribute to the ongoing development and improvement of management strategies for this challenging disease.