Abstract
Cognitive frame is a representation of the network of human experience and particular elements in a frame will be brought into salience in a given scene, which manifests the effectiveness and economy of information transmission. Encyclopedic knowledge stored as knowledge frames in the mind and discourse awareness are two important foundations for discourse-based listening training. By employing frames in teaching of discourse-based listening comprehension and constructing discourse on the mode “thematic frame plus several sub-frames”, this paper will explore how important frames are to teaching of English listening comprehension and how to cultivate students’ discourse awareness in listening teaching. Several practical methods for improving students’ discourse awareness including the recognition of the overall discourse frame and identification of cohesive and coherent devices, as well as some listening strategies such as information prediction and keywords location, have been provided.
Highlights
IntroductionA frame is a data-structure stored in the memory for representing a stereotyped situation and a network of nodes and relations
Encyclopedic knowledge stored as knowledge frames in the mind and discourse awareness are two important foundations for discourse-based listening training
In Frame Semantics (1982), he further enriched the theory from the cognitive perspective, proposing that “frame is a way of cognitive structuring”, a kind of “knowledge and concepts related to some frequently recurring scenes”, “a stereotype of certain thing or event” and “an interface between pure linguistic knowledge and conceptual knowledge” (Fillmore, 1982; Fillmore & Atkins, 1992, 2000; Zhu, 2005)
Summary
A frame is a data-structure stored in the memory for representing a stereotyped situation and a network of nodes and relations. Information attached to it can be retrieved at any time as background knowledge for the interpretation of new sentences and situations. Frame Theory has been applied to discourse analysis by many scholars including Minsky (1974, 1980), van Dijk (1980), McCarthy (1991), etc. We maintain that frame construction will be greatly conducive to forming discourse awareness in listening comprehension. Following Frame Theory, this paper will explore how important frames are to teaching of English listening comprehension and how to cultivate students’ discourse awareness in listening teaching
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