Frailty in the elderly: screening possibilities in Primary Health Care.

Edmar Geraldo Ribeiro,Isabel Yovana Quispe Mendoza,Edgar Nunes De Moraes,Gilberto De Lima Guimarães,Marco Túlio Gualberto Cintra,Maria Aparecida Camargos Bicalho

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0973

Edmar Geraldo Ribeiro, Isabel Yovana Quispe Mendoza + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0973

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Abstract

to evaluate two instruments for screening frailty in the elderly in Primary Health Care. this is an observational, cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, with 396 elderly people. SPSS software helped to perform the statistical analyses. The study used the kappa coefficient and Spearman's correlation. the kappa coefficient between the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index 20 and the Edmonton Frailty Scale was 0.496, considered moderate. There was a positive and significant correlation (r = 0.77; p < 0.001) between the frailty conditions and the total score of the two instruments. when this article assessed fragility through the kappa coefficient, both instruments presented positive correlation and agreement. However, the identification of frailty was higher when it used the Edmonton Frailty Scale.

Highlights

Morbidity and mortality rates in the health system reflect the undeniable growth of the elderly population in Latin American countries
It is often related to the higher prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which can influence the emergence of physical limitations, cognitive losses, depressive symptoms, sensory decline, accidents, falls, urinary incontinence, and social isolation called geriatric syndromes[1,3]
The results of the kappa coefficient demonstrated a moderate and statistically significant agreement between ClinicalFunctional Vulnerability Index 20 (CFVI-20) and Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS), which can be explained by the differences between the prevalence of frailty in both instruments

Summary

Introduction

Morbidity and mortality rates in the health system reflect the undeniable growth of the elderly population in Latin American countries. According to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), in 2000, the Brazilian population over 60 years of age was 14.5 million people, representing an increase of 35.5% compared to 10.7 million in 1991. This number exceeds 29 million, and studies estimate that there will be approximately 73 million people aged 60 and over by 2060, which would represent an increase of 160%. Aging is considered a sequential, individual, cumulative, and irreversible process of deterioration of the organism, which can compromise physical, mental, and/or social health. It is often related to the higher prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which can influence the emergence of physical limitations, cognitive losses, depressive symptoms, sensory decline, accidents, falls, urinary incontinence, and social isolation called geriatric syndromes[1,3]

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Results

Conclusion