Abstract
As unconventional oil and gas have increasingly gained considerable attention, the application of water-free fracturing technology represented by carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fracturing technology in unconventional oil and gas resources development has broad prospects. The CO 2 fracturing technology has several advantages, such as low damage and easy flowback. It is especially suitable for complex rock strata exhibiting low pressure, low permeability, and strong water sensitivity. Moreover, this technology positively affects the reservoir with low water content and experiencing serious pollution. In this paper, the related literature of the different CO 2 fracturing technologies from the aspects of technical principle and technological process, technical characteristics, fracturing fluid system, and field application is analyzed, the fracture initiation and propagation are summarized as well. The results indicate that CO 2 fracturing can stimulate unconventional reservoirs more effectively than the conventional hydraulic fracturing, exhibits high technical feasibility, and can be applied in the reservoir stimulation and reconstruction in the future. In this paper, how to further improve the viscosity of fracturing fluid, enhance the sand-carrying capacity of fracturing fluid, and reduce the pipeline friction is determined. • The latest advancements in CO 2 fracturing technology are reviewed. • The phase change process in CO 2 fracturing is clearly introduced. • CO 2 fracturing is a technically feasible means of reducing CO 2 . • CO 2 fracturing has broad application prospects in unconventional reservoirs.
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