Abstract
Physical and mechanical properties of continuous carbon or glass fiber reinforced endodontic posts are relevant to increase the retention and resistance of the tooth-restoration system. Hollow posts have been recently designed for delivering the luting cement through the post hole, thus enhancing the post-dentin interface by reducing the risk of air bubbles formation. Methods: Three type of endodontic posts, a carbon fiber hollow post, a glass fiber hollow post and a compact glass fiber post were investigated. Mechanical properties of these posts were assessed through bending tests. Teeth were subjected to fatigue cycling and the strength of restored teeth was detected through static tests. Failure modes were investigated through optical and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that composite posts increase the mechanical stability by more than 100% compared to premolars restored with particulate composite. Carbon fiber posts retain the highest strength (1467 N ± 304 N) among the investigated post and core restoration, but an unfavorable type of fracture has been observed, preventing the tooth re-treatment. Instead, more compliant posts (i.e., glass fiber reinforced composite, providing a strength of 1336 N ± 221 N), show a favorable mode of fracture that allows the re-treatment of teeth in the case that failure occurs. Glass fiber hollow posts show a good trade-off between strength and a favorable type of fracture.
Highlights
The main goal of conservative dentistry is to preserve teeth and to reduce extractions as much as possible
No significant difference was observed between the steepness of hollow carbon fiber post (HCP) + Maxcem Elite Chroma (MEC) and HCP, suggesting that the contribution of the composite cement (i.e., MEC)
No significant difference was found between the steepness of HGP and HGP + MEC, suggesting that the contribution of the composite cement (i.e., MEC) filling the cavity of the hollow glass fiber post can be neglected
Summary
The main goal of conservative dentistry is to preserve teeth and to reduce extractions as much as possible. Endodontic treatment is the gold standard to prevent decayed teeth from extraction, endodontically treated teeth are prone to fracture [1,2]. The fracture can be caused by the pulpar roof loss produced by endodontic access, and even carious processes can remove the remaining tooth structure, thereby weaking it. Premolars are subjected to higher lateral forces during mastication compared to the anterior teeth. Such elements often require cusp coverage and indirect reconstruction techniques (overlays, crowns), while direct restoration is intended for cases in which vestibular and palatal cusps are well represented and at least one marginal ridge is present [3]
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