Abstract
Dental implants with tapered conical connections are often combined with zirconia abutments for esthetics; however, the effect of the titanium base on the implant components remains unclear. This study evaluated the effects of a titanium base on the fracture resistance of zirconia abutments and damage to the tapered conical connection implants. Zirconia (Z) and titanium base zirconia (ZT) abutments were fastened to Nobel Biocare (NB) implants and Straumann (ST) implants and subjected to static load testing according to ISO 14801:2016. The experiments were performed with 3 mm of the platform exposed (P3) and no platform exposed (P0). The fracture loads were statistically greater in the titanium base abutments than the zirconia abutments for the NB and ST specimens in the P0 condition. In the P3 condition of the ST specimens, the deformation volume of the ZT group was significantly greater than the Z group. The titanium base increased the fracture resistance of the zirconia abutments. Additionally, the titanium base caused more deformation in the P3 condition. The implant joint design may also affect the amount of damage to the implants when under a load. The mechanical properties of the abutment should be considered when selecting a clinical design.
Highlights
In dental implant treatments, especially in the esthetic zone, zirconia abutments are desired because of their superior esthetics and biocompatibility [1,2]
In the Z-Nobel Biocare (NB) group, fracture of the zirconia was observed near the platform of the implant connection (Figure 5)
In the Z-ST group, as in the Z-NB group, fracture of the zirconia was observed near the Fpigluartefo4r.mIns(Ftailglautrioen7o).f Isnpetchime ZenTs-SwTithgrtowuopd,iaffderheenstioconnfdaiitliuonres. b(ae)twP3e:eSnpetchiemteintainnisutamllebdawseithan3d mzmircoofnthiae,palnatdfoframiluexrpeoosfedth. e(bt)itPa0n: iSupmecibmaesne iintssetalfllewdewreitohbousetrevxepdos(uFriegoufrteh8e)p. latform
Summary
Especially in the esthetic zone, zirconia abutments are desired because of their superior esthetics and biocompatibility [1,2]. Used zirconia abutments are classified according to differences in the implant–abutment connection, and there have been various comparative studies on the mechanical properties of zirconia abutments in conventional connection modes (external butt joints and internal butt joints) [3,4]. A further classification was recently proposed to distinguish between two-piece abutments with a titanium base in the connecting part and one-piece abutments comprised entirely of zirconia [5]. Several studies have compared the mechanical properties of both types. The titanium base type is advantageous from a mechanical viewpoint because the titanium in the connecting part is likely to cause less wear in the implant body [8,11,12]
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