Abstract
Results on studying the fracture of metals samples in the form of thin disks under fast heating by the X-ray pulse with the complete spectrum are presented in the paper. The samples of such metals as iron, copper, AMg6 aluminum, VT14 titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, cadmium, lead and zinc were tested. The samples were fixed in the special cartridges equipped with the gauges of a mechanical recoil momentum. The cartridges with samples were placed at such distances from the X-ray irradiator where the energy fluxes were 1.38, 0.90 and 0.29kJ/cm2. The irradiating X-ray pulse was about 2 ns in duration. After testing, the depth of material ablation from a sample front surface and the degree and character of its spall damage were determined. The method of metallographic analysis was used for these purposes. Numerical calculations of loading conditions were made with the use of an equation of state taking into account the process of evaporation. The calculated value of maximum negative pressure in the sample at the coordinate corresponding to the formation of spallation zones or spall cracks was conventionally accepted as the material resistance to spall fracture. The comparison of obtained results with the data on the fracture of examined materials in the conditions of fast heating by the X-ray pulse with the hard spectrum and a high-current electron beam was conducted.
Highlights
Fracture of metals samples in the form of thin disks under fast heating by intensive X-ray radiation was studied in a number of research works
The dependences of critical tensile stresses resulted in spall fracture on characteristic loading time were constructed in a wide range of time, approximately from 10−9 to 10−6 s
Ultimate generalization of all the results obtained by this group was made in work [5] where the time dependences of critical tensile stresses were given for all examined metals and alloys and some analysis of revealed tendencies was made
Summary
Fracture of metals samples in the form of thin disks under fast heating by intensive X-ray radiation was studied in a number of research works. Mention may be made of some of the works of the group of VNIIEF researchers, who engaged in this problem most thoroughly and published a lot of results for the considerable number of metals and alloys [1,2,3,4,5] In these works metal samples from 0.005 to 1 mm in thickness were irradiated by the short-time X-ray pulse with the spectrum in which a soft part was filtered. Some aspects of spall fracture of the samples of several metals under fast heating by the X-ray pulse with the complete spectrum are considered in the presented short review paper In this case the character of loading and response of a sample becomes appreciably complicated as its surface layers directed to a radiation source absorb the radiation flux of a soft part of the spectrum. The data are extremely scattered and some aspects of fracture conditions were not presented there in full measure
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