Abstract
The mechanical and fracture behaviors of electron-beam welded (EBW) joints between Cr-Mo steel (CS) and austenitic stainless steel type AISI 304 (SS) were investigated. A double notch was created at the middle of the weld area with three different notch depth (D) to weld metal width (2W) ratios, D/W = 0.33, 0.42, and 0.5, to study the strength of weld metal compared to that of CS. The weld metal and heat-affected zones (HAZs) were found to be free of defects. The interface region show that Cr23C6 was formed on the stainless steel side, while a martensitic structure was formed on the Cr-Mo steel side. The hardness of the weld metal was higher than that of the rest of the weld metal and the HAZs. Furthermore, the stress concentration (D/W = 0.33) was insufficient to initiate the crack at the notch root, i.e., the strength of CS was lower than that of weld metal with this defect.
Highlights
Dissimilar weld metal joints are widely used in various industrial applications for both technical and economic reasons
The aim of the present study is to investigate the performance of dissimilar Cr-Mo steel and austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 joints
The samples were polished once more, and the Cr-Mo steel was chemically etched in a solution of 2% nital and the weld metal and stainless steel were etched in a solution of 10% oxalic acid
Summary
Dissimilar weld metal joints are widely used in various industrial applications for both technical and economic reasons. The adoption of dissimilar metal combinations leads to greater flexibility in product manufacture by using each material efficiently, i.e., benefiting from the best properties of each material in functional ways. Electron-beam welding (EBW) is one of the most successful methods for the joining of dissimilar metals. The intrinsic ability of EBW to produce good quality, low distortion, good penetration, one-pass welds makes the process ideal for manufacturing many large and thick-section components. The fusion-joining process produces coalescence of the materials with the aid of heat from a high-energy electron beam focused on a small area of the weld joints. The joining of austenitic stainless steels to plain carbon steels has been widely attempted for applications in many industries.. The lower heat input results in a narrow heat-affected zone (HAZ). In the literature, the joining of austenitic stainless steels to plain carbon steels has been widely attempted for applications in many industries. The aim of the present study is to investigate the performance of dissimilar Cr-Mo steel and austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 joints
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