Fracture behaviour of model toughened composites under Mode I and Mode II delaminations

Abstract

The fracture behaviour of two toughened epoxy composite systems was investigated using various microscopy techniques. The Mode I delamination fracture toughness,GIC, Mode II delamination fracture toughness;GIIC, and compression after impact (CAI) strength of these model composite systems were also measured. Under Mode I fracture, it was found that these composites exhibit nearly identical toughening mechanisms to those of the rubber-modified neat resins. The composites differ primarily in having smaller damage zones than the neat resin equivalents. Under Mode II fracture, the typical hackles were found to initiate from inside the resin-rich interlaminar region due to the presence of the toughener particles. The CAI strength, based on the present study as well as the work conducted by others, appeared to be related to, but not necessarily strongly dependent on, the interlaminarGIC andGIIC, the thickness of the interlaminar resin-rich region, and the type of the interlaminar toughener particles. Approaches for improving theGIC,GIIC, and CAI strength of high-performance toughened composites are discussed.