Abstract
This study comprises the studies performed on six in vivo failed centromedullary fixation devices, three made of stainless steel 316L and three of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. Fractographic studies were performed using stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy while metallographic studies were performed by light microscopy. Loading mode which caused failure was inferred based upon surface fracture topography and light microscopy studies were performed to observe if abnormal microstructures or inclusions could be the cause of the failure. In all cases the chemical composition was according to standard specifications and the microstructures appeared normal with low inclusionary content. The mode of failure was found to be fatigue and the crack initiation site was on the implant surface on roughness features and surface induced defects.
Highlights
This study comprises the studies performed on six in vivo failed centromedullary fixation devices, three made of stainless steel 316L and three of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V
Three implants are made of stainless steel 316L and the other of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, a reason to divide the study in two parts: first part groups the stainless steel and the second the Ti-6Al-4V implants
Another detail observed by this comparative study was the small amount of galling in the fracture surface of the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, comparable with the results presented by Antoniac et al [33]
Summary
Its major use is to determine the cause of failure in structures and development and evaluation of crack initiation and growth This attempt to relate the topography of the fractured surface to the cause and mechanisms of proves extremely useful in failure analysis and forensic engineering. The use of intramedullary interlocking nails has low impact by minimizing tissue damage from a surgical point of view and offers a good and stable fracture fixation from a mechanical perspective. This method is successfully used for fracture treatment of long bones, the tibia and femur, and it offers better biomechanical results when compared to fixed-angled plates [16]. The fractographic examination is the main tool to obtain this vital information
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