Abstract
The fractioned preparation of bio-oil by biomass pyrolysis in a vacuum pyrolysis apparatus and its characteristics were investigated. The off-gas was composed of CO2 and CO with 69.77 vol% and 30.23 vol% separately at the temperature of 200°C. There were more volatile small molecules and high proportion of organic acids in the bio-oil produced below 300°C, and much water alleviated the acidity. The maximum amount of bio-oils of total liquid product was obtained between 300°C and 400°C with 47.81 wt%, in which the big molecules, such as aromatic compounds, increased and volatile compounds decreased for the enhanced secondary cracking, so H2, CO, CH4, C2, and C3 rose remarkably. Above 500°C, the phenols with many side chains were easier to crack, which makes phenol and 1,2-benzenediol augmented by degradation of 2-methoxy-phenol. The longer retention time could increase the bio-oil yield at 300°C–500°C. Biomass vacuum pyrolysis can centralize the similar components of bio-oil and realized the preliminary fractioned preparation.
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