Abstract
Incubation of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis spore-crystal mixtures with alkaline solutions gave a soluble fraction that was toxic to both Aedes aegypti and Drosophila melanogaster larvae, as well as being cytolytic to both primary tissue culture cells derived from D. melanogaster embryos and sheep red blood cells. Sephadex G 75 gel filtration chromatography of the alkali-solubilized material resolved two fractions. The first fraction to elute from the columns was mosquitocidal but not cytolytic. The second fraction was cytolytic as well as mosquitocidal. In addition, only the cytolytic fraction had larvicidal activity against D. melanogaster. A protein, of approximately 27,000 Da having cytolytic activity, mosquitocidal activity, and toxic to D. melanogaster larvae, was purified from the second fraction. The rate of in vitro alkali solubilization of the mosquitocidal-noncytolytic activity was different from that of the mosquitocidal-cytolytic activity.
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