Abstract
The concentrations of zinc in Ross Lake, a small, relatively shallow lake adjacent to the Hudson Bay Mining and SmeltingCompany smelter in Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada, have risenrecently to levels that may soon approach environmental concern.Six locations were sampled, five sites in Ross Lake and one sitein Flin Flon Creek and sampling occurred in four sampling dates.Water was collected from two sampling depths, together with asample of the underlying sediment. Aqua regia extraction of thesediments dissolved large amounts of both zinc and sulphur,averaging 28 800 mg kg-1 for zinc and 40 700 for sulphur.Much smaller amouns of Zn occurred in organic, 266 mg kg-1,and specifically adsorbed forms, 192 mg kg-1. X-raydiffraction analysis confirmed the presence of sphalerite, ZnS,in the sediments. Average contents of Zn in the waters for thefour sampling dates were 838 μg L-1, 572 μgL-1, 619 μg L-1 and 222 μg L-1. Aqueousspeciation calculations indicated that the predominant speciespresent in oxygenated waters were ZnSO04, ZnL0,Zn(OH)02 and ZnCO03and that ZnS(HS)- wasthe predominant species at the sediment/water interface.
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