Abstract
The optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) is a major tool, and it plays a vital role for enhancement of the power system performance. ORPD is one multimodal, non-convex, and non-linear problem. Many elegant benefits can be obtained by using the renewable energy resources (RERs), but many technical issues related to the RERs including the stochastic characteristics of these resources due to continuous variations of solar irradiance and the wind speed lead to increasing the uncertainties of system. Thus, solving the ORPD problem with RERs is a crucial task. The contribution of the paper includes application a modified hybrid algorithm for solving the ORPD considering the uncertainties of the RERs and the load demand. The proposed algorithm is based on Fractional Calculus with Particle Swarm Optimization Gravitational Search Algorithm (FPSOGSA) which aims to enhance the searching capabilities of the conventional PSOGSA algorithm and overcome its tendency to stagnation. The proposed algorithm is tested on IEEE 30-bus system for reducing power losses and voltage deviation as well as enhancing voltage stability. The scenario-based method is employed to produce a set of scenarios from the uncertainties of load, wind speed and solar irradiance. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for solving the ORPD problem with and without considering the uncertainties in the system. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is superior compared with the state-of-the-art techniques in terms of the reduction of power losses and voltage deviations as well as the stability enhancement.
Highlights
INTRODUCTION the different techniques related to the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) discussed with and without integration of renewable energy resources (RERs) as well as research gap and paper contribution are given in detail
FPSOGSA is applied for solving ORPD with and without integration of RERs in order to optimize three objectives including power losses and voltage deviations reduction and improvement of voltage stability
The simulations are carried on Core I5 PC and the FPSOGSA code for ORPD was programmed
Summary
The different techniques related to the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) discussed with and without integration of renewable energy resources (RERs) as well as research gap and paper contribution are given in detail. ORPD is taking as an important consideration in the secure operation of electric systems that aims to get the best profile of the voltage and reduction of power losses by adjusting a set of control variable values including the voltages of generator, shunt VAR reactive compensators and the tap changing of the transformers. Most of the loads in the electrical systems are inductive, such as transmission lines and transformers but it should be sufficient to supply VAR consumers within the limits. Otherwise, it will cuase unwanted voltage and heat loss. In the past few decades, numerous optimization techniques have been studied to use conventional thermal unit for solving ORPD. These optimization techniques include gradient-based approach, linear programing, interior point, quadratic programming and non-linear programming [9,10,11,12,13]
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