Fractional order reaction diffusion of calcium regulating NFAT production in T Lymphocyte

Abstract

[Formula: see text] signals have a crucial role in the immune system for cell functions such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and gene transcription as well as the activation of Nuclear factor of activated T Cell (NFAT) which modulates the immune response of the cells. In this study, a fractional order spatiotemporal calcium dynamics model is formulated using the reaction-diffusion equation incorporating parameters like buffers, source influx, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Grünwald estimation is employed to obtain the solution and stability analysis has been performed. The analysis of numerical results provides novel insights about the role of Brownian motion, super diffusion, source influx, buffers, etc., in the regulation of calcium and NFAT concentration levels in T cell and the conditions which might lead to disordered immune responses causing diseases such as HINI, HIV and HBV.