Abstract
Viability of a fractional-order proportional–integral–derivative (PID) approximation to regulate voltage in buck–boost converters is investigated. The converter applications range not only to high-power ones but also in micro/nano-scale systems from biomedicine for energy management/harvesting. Using a classic closed-loop control diagram the controller effectiveness is determined. Fractional calculus is considered due to its ability at modeling different types of systems accurately. The non-integer approach is integrated into the control strategy through a Laplacian operator biquadratic approximation to generate a flat phase curve in the system closed-loop frequency response. The controller synthesis considers both robustness and closed-loop performance to ensure a fast and stable regulation characteristic. A simple tuning method provides the appropriate gains to meet design requirements. The superiority of proposed approach, determined by comparing the obtained time constants with those from typical PID controllers, confirms it as alternative to controller non-minimum phases systems. Experimental realization of the resulting controller, implemented through resistor–capacitor (RC) circuits and operational amplifiers (OPAMPs) in adder configuration, confirms its effectiveness and viability.
Highlights
The DC–DC buck–boost converter was derived from the combination of elementary converters buck and boost
The suggested algorithm to synthesize the approximation of the fractional-order PID
The importance of the converter rests in its variety of applications from which biomedicine ones take on special relevance, since the need for a stable and fast-response source of power is one of the main drawbacks of emerging cardiac technologies, which as in high-power systems, require an appropriate energy management/harvesting/storage strategy
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. DC–DC (direct current) conversion is one of the most studied and applied functionalities from power electronics. DC–DC elementary conversion modes step down and up the converter input voltage using power semiconductor devices, operated with high-speed control, to produce the well-known buck and boost topologies, respectively. By cascading both elementary conversion modes the buck–boost topology is obtained. With the same quantity of elements, the resulting converter produces a smaller or greater output voltage than its input power source, with inverse polarity
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