Abstract
Fractional calculus (FC) is a valuable tool in the modeling of many phenomena, and it has become a topic of great interest in science and engineering. This mathematical tool has proved its efficiency in modeling the intermediate anomalous behaviors observed in different physical phenomena. The Meissner–Ochsenfeld effect describes the levitation of superconductors in a nonuniform magnetic field if they are cooled below critical temperature. This paper presents analytical solutions of the fractional London equation that describes the Meissner–Ochsenfeld effect considering the Liouville–Caputo, Caputo–Fabrizio–Caputo, Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo, fractional conformable derivative in Liouville–Caputo sense and Atangana–Koca–Caputo fractional-order derivatives. Numerical simulations were obtained for different values of the fractional-order.
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