Abstract
Impact of genus Pseudomonas bacteria on fractional composition of nickel compounds in artificially contaminated agro-gray soil and yield of spring wheat was studied in pot experiment. Plants were grown up to booting stage with NiCl2·6H2O contamination at a rate of 300 Ni/kg of soil against background of NPK fertilization. Distribution of nickel in soil fractions isolated by the method of successive selective extractions has been established. Nickel content in plants after combustion in mixture of HNO3:HClO4 (2:1)and in soil fractions was determined by inductively coupled plasma emission-optical spectrometry. Application of bacteria increased plant resistance to elevated nickel concentration and increased yield, significantly reducing heavy metal phytotoxicity. Bacteria increased nickel content in exchangeable and specifically sorbed fractions and, to a lesser extent, in fractions associated with organic matter and ferruginous minerals, and reduced metal content in residual fraction. Bacteria increased nickel uptake from soil by plant shoots due to increase in yield, without changes or increase in plant metal content. Thus, bacteria increased phytoextraction - cleaning soil from heavy metal. Nickel uptake by plants was increased due to increase in its bioavailability, mainly in exchangeable and specifically sorbed fractions.
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