Abstract
We used photoluminescence spectra of single electron quasi-two-dimensional InP/GaInP2 islands having Wigner-Seitz radius ~4 to measure the magnetic-field dispersion of the lowest s, p, and d single-particle states in the range 0–10 T. The measured dispersion revealed up to a nine-fold reduction of the cyclotron frequency, indicating the formation of nano-superconducting anyon or magneto-electron (em) states, in which the corresponding number of magnetic-flux-quanta vortexes and fractional charge were self-generated. We observed a linear increase in the number of vortexes versus the island size, which corresponded to a critical vortex radius equal to the Bohr radius and closed-packed topological vortex arrangements. Our observation explains the microscopic mechanism of vortex attachment in composite fermion theory of the fractional quantum Hall effect, allows its description in terms of self-localization of ems and represents progress towards the goal of engineering anyon properties for fault-tolerant topological quantum gates.
Highlights
IQHE provides a precise method of measuring the fundamental fine-structure constant and gave the first example of edge/surface topological states that are robust to external perturbations [3,4]
The FQHE yields very rich physics involving fractionally charged anyon states [5] and Majorana zero-energy modes [6]. These open up the possibility of building topologically protected quantum gates (TQG) [6,7], which promise to dramatically improve the operation of quantum computers and accelerate the creation of their compact hardware—one of the challenges of science and technology in the 21st century
In our near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) measurements of InP/GaInP2 structures, we found nearly ten singleelectron quantum dots (QDs) from a set of ~200 dots
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. We use measurements of magnetophotoluminescence (magneto-PL) spectra of quasi-2D islands represented by self-organized semiconductor InP/GaInP2 QDs for the detection of the charge of single-electron states for a Wigner-Seitz radius rs ~4 in a range of magnetic field 0–10 T. Our observation shows that Laughlin’s k-WZs are related to close-packed topological vortex structures of em , and provides an explanation for FQHE magnetoconductivity plateaus in terms of self-confinement of em ’s in a quasi-ordered potential modulation, which, in turn, opens up new possibilities of deterministic engineering of anyon particle properties for use in TQGs. The measured InP/GaInP2 QDs (see Appendix A.1 for growth details) had a flat lens shape, a lateral size D~50–180 nm, up to 20 electrons and a Wigner-Seitz radius of up to rs ~5, as described in [22,25]. This corresponded to a change of emission energy E0 from ~1.7 to 1.8 eV
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