Abstract
Purpose: Chemokines are a superfamily of chemoattractant cytokines that play an essential role in leukocyte recruitment in inflammation. Fractalkine is a membrane-bound chemokine that mediates chemotaxis through the fractalkine receptor. Fractalkine Receptor BSMBI T280M (C) and Fractalkine Receptor ACI V249I (G) genes were associated with inflammation. We have investigated the association of genetic polymorphisms of fractalkine receptor encoding genes with the outcomes after pediatric renal transplantation. Methods: 62 children with renal transplant and 96 healthy children were enrolled in the study. Fractalkine Receptor BSMBI T280M and ACI V249I gene polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR and restriction length fragment polymorphism. Allelic prevalence was compared with reference values of control group and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested. Results: Urological problems were the leading causes of chronic renal disease in our study. The frequency of Fractalkine Receptor BSMBI T280M (CC) allele occurrence was higher in patients and control groups. The frequency of Fractalkine Receptor ACI V249I (GG) allele was occurred higher in control group compared with patients. Twenty two (35%) patients developed acute rejection. Fractalkine Receptor BSMBI T280M (CC) allele was occurred higher in patients with rejection when compared with patients without rejection. Any association between Fractalkine Receptor ACI V249I and rejection has not been shown. Eight patients (13%) have lost their grafts. Frequencies of Fractalkine Receptor BSMBI T280M (CC) and Fractalkine Receptor ACI V249I (GG) alleles were higher in patients with graft loss when compared with patients without graft loss. Conclusions: These results suggest that Fractalkine Receptor BSMBI T280M and Fractalkine Receptor ACI V249I gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk of acute rejection and graft loss. Different approach of treatment such as fractalkine receptor blockade strategies could reduce or finish renal damage in acute and chronic rejection.
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