Fractality of wave functions on a Cayley tree: Difference between tree and locally treelike graph without boundary

Abstract

We investigate analytically and numerically eigenfunction statistics in a disordered system on a finite Bethe lattice (Cayley tree). We show that the wave function amplitude at the root of a tree is distributed fractally in a large part of the delocalized phase. The fractal exponents are expressed in terms of the decay rate and the velocity in a problem of propagation of a front between unstable and stable phases. We demonstrate a crucial difference between a loopless Cayley tree and a locally tree-like structure without a boundary (random regular graph) where extended wavefunctions are ergodic.