Abstract
With increasing temperature the fractals grown on a surface during submonolayer epitaxy lose their fractal character and eventually become compact islands. Experimental determination of the transition temperature is difficult and it is not known if the fractal-to-compact transition is sharp or arises gradually. In the present work, the transition is examined for the Cu/W(1 1 0) system based on kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. The simulations refer to the fractal growth at an ascending step oriented in the [1 1 0] direction on bcc(1 1 0). The fractal character of step decorations is measured by their fractal dimension calculated by the mass–radius relation. The fractal dimension changes from 1.71±0.02 in the fractal growth mode to 2.00 in the compact growth mode. It is shown that the fractal-to-compact transition takes place gradually at temperatures ranging from 220 to 270 K.
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