Abstract
Structural analysis by means of fractal geometry has been applied to aggregates of metal particles produced by gas evaporation, as well as to some porous materials. Electron microscopy was used to study the structure of gas evaporated cobalt aggregates. Subsequently the micrographs were analysed by the mass-radius method in order to extract the fractal dimension. Corrections for projection effects were applied. Aggregates of super-paramagnetic cobalt exhibited fractal dimensions of 1.9–2.0, while ferromagnetic aggregates had fractal dimensions in the range 1.35–1.6. These results can be understood by the model of cluster–cluster aggregation by ballistic trajectories. Adsorption isotherms of cement mortar were analysed by a theory of capillary condensation in a fractal pore structure. Fractal dimensions in the range 2.4–2.5 were found. These values are in good agreement with independent measurements of the structure.
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