Abstract
Evidence for the multi-fractal nature of breaking waves on the ocean surface is examined. A physical interpretation of the individual fractal sub-sets is presented which relates the breaking wave’s age to its singularity strength based on the light scattered and the size of the breaking wave. A study of the accumulation statistics of light and size reveals the presence of a critical singularity stength which marks the change of wave state from active entrainment to passive dissipation. A laboratory study is reported which confirms the 1∶1 relationship of wave state to singularity strength. The multi-fractal analysis is expanded to ambient noise statistics of a small footprint on the sea surface. A model of integrated audio energy in terms of its duration is suggested for the process, and is supported by the data in cases where no clipping of the audio signature of the breaking wave source has occurred at the boundary of the footprint.
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