Fractal Cross-Slot-Coupled Antenna with Dielectric Resonator Elements having Circular Polarization

Abstract

This article presents the design and analysis of an “ultra-wideband (UWB)” Fractal Cross-slot-Coupled Antenna with “Dielectric Resonator Elements (DREs)” exhibiting circular polarization and band-notched characteristics. The proposed antenna aims to reject the frequency range of 5.1 GHz to 5.9 GHz while maintaining high impedance bandwidth and radiation efficiency. A coplanar waveguide feeds the planar UWB antenna, featuring a narrow slot on the radiating element and a dielectric resonator mounted on top. Simulation results demonstrate excellent performance in terms of impedance bandwidth and radiation efficiency. To further improve the design for wireless applications, Fractal-slot-aperture coupled DRE antennas are employed. The proposed configuration takes into account the radiative efficiency and concomitant excitation of the rectangular DRE by a “Circularly Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CPDRA)” coupled through a fractal cross-slot. By appropriately adjusting the fractal cross-slot size, a wider “axial ratio (AR)” bandwidth is achieved through the combination of its resonance with the dielectric resonator. The antenna is designed utilizing the proposed fractal cross-slot-coupled CPDRA, with its architecture and efficiencies thoroughly investigated. The performance of the proposed antenna demonstrates its potential for various wireless communication applications, highlighting the advantages of integrating Fractal Cross-slot-coupled DREs in antenna design.